The flu, a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, is characterized by abrupt symptoms including fever, chills, body aches, cough, and headache.
Unlike the common cold, the flu can lead to significant health complications, particularly for those in high-risk groups.
It spreads mainly through droplets from coughs or sneezes and by touching contaminated surfaces.
The flu is most rampant during the fall and winter, peaking between December and February.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Flu symptoms typically develop rapidly, including
- High fever
- Severe body aches
- Fatigue
- Respiratory symptoms
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting in children
To diagnose the flu, your doctor may take a swab from the nose to test for the virus, with results ready in a few minutes to a few days.
Treatment and Management
Prompt treatment is essential, particularly for individuals displaying serious symptoms or individuals at higher risk of complications.
Antiviral medications are effective if administered within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Over-the-counter remedies and home care—rest, hydration, and fever-reducing medications—can alleviate symptoms for mild cases.
Always consult with your doctor before starting any new medication.
Prevention Strategies
Yearly flu shots are the most effective method for preventing influenza, significantly lowering the chances of severe illness and hospitalization.
Additional preventive measures include frequent handwashing, keeping a distance from sick individuals, and wearing masks when necessary. It is also advised to avoid sharing personal items such as utensils during the flu season.
High-Risk Populations and Complications
Individuals with chronic health conditions, young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and those with a BMI over 30 are at greater risk for severe flu complications, which can include pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of chronic illnesses.
Vaccination is essential for these groups.
If flu symptoms do not improve or severe symptoms like difficulty breathing or chest pain occur, immediate medical attention is necessary.
Stay ahead of the flu—get vaccinated, consult your doctor with any flu-like symptoms, and practice regular handwashing and distancing.
